Genetically Modified Probiotics as Carriers for Oral Vaccines against Covid-19
The researchers of Taghinezhad et al. (2021) are aware that there is a controversy around genetically modified (recombinant) probiotics, and around the topic of vaccines. Their focus is on the creation of an oral vaccine utilizing probiotics, especially the use of LAB (lactic acid bacteria), as they are strong and survive the host's digestive tract (Peirotén & Landete, 2020).
The ability of natural probiotics to survive, colonize the mucosal surfaces and affect positive changes are well known. For the researchers of Taghinezhad et al. (2021), recombinant probiotics are perfect vehicles to deliver different antigens that strengthen the immune system and fight against viral infections. Their goal is to encourage the creation of an oral and nasal vaccine from recombinant probiotics that can target the proteins (S and N) of SARS-Cov-2.
How is that done? By engineering probiotics as a carrier for the protein of a certain virus, adding an antigen to the probiotic organism. For example, influenza virus in L. plantarum (Yang et al., 2018). As the probiotics colonize the gut they infuse the mutual membrane with the antigen. A natural vaccine, albeit modified by adding a protein that a probiotic carries into the human body.
The Article is worth reading. This movement to create vaccines and use probiotics has been going on for a couple of decades. Let us know what you think!
References
- Peirotén, Á., & Landete, J. M. (2020). Natural and engineered promoters for gene expression in Lactobacillus species.Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 104(9), 3797-3805.
- Taghinezhad-S, S., Mohseni, A. H., Bermúdez-Humarán, L. G., Casolaro, V., Cortes-Perez, N. G., Keyvani, H., & Simal-Gandara, J. (2021). Probiotic-based vaccines may provide effective protection against COVID-19 acute respiratory disease. Vaccines, 9(5), 466. Article
- Yang, W. T., Yang, G. L., Zhao, L., Jin, Y. B., Jiang, Y. L., Huang, H. B., ... & Wang, C. F. (2018). Lactobacillus plantarum displaying conserved M2e and HA2 fusion antigens induces protection against influenza virus challenge. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 102(12), 5077-5088. Abstract
Dohrea
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And more on recombinant probiotics: LeBlanc, J. G., Aubry, C., Cortes-Perez, N. G., de Moreno de LeBlanc, A., Vergnolle, N., Langella, P., ... & Bermúdez-Humarán, L. G. (2013). Mucosal targeting of therapeutic molecules using genetically modified lactic acid bacteria: an update. FEMS microbiology letters, 344(1), 1-9. Article |
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